Foreword by Nadezhda Mandelstam

I think that the most difficult task in the world is the translation of verses, particularly of a true poet, in whose verses there is no discrepancy between the form and the content (or meaning) - both of them always new and but a bit different (with no great disparity between them) - and where the ego of the poet is always strikingly felt. Marina Tsvetayeva said she could write as Mandelstam did but that she didn't want to. She was a great poet but she was greatly mistaken. She could be influenced by Mayakovsky and Pasternak and remain Tsvetayeva because they were innovators and therefore easily aped. But Mandelstam composed verses in tradition, which is far more difficult to imitate.
Mr Robert Lowell's translations are very free; Mr Paul Celan's into German also free. But both are a very far cry from the original text. As far as I know the translations of Mr Greene are the best I ever saw. I can't give my opinion about the Italian translations, as I don't know Italian as well as English, French and German. As for Elsa Triolet's, they are as naive and vulgar as she was.
Mandelstam said that the contents are squeezed from the form as water from a sponge. If the sponge is dry, there would be no moisture at all. So, to render the content - which Mr Greene has succeeded in doing - is to give, in a way, the form or harmony, the harmony which can't be rendered in translation, the harmony which is quite simple and at the same time mysteriously complicated. Poetry is a mystery.

Nadezhda Mandelshtam, 1976

You took away my seas and running jumps and sky
And propped my foot against the violent earth.
Where could this brilliant calculation get you?
You couldn't take away my muttering lips.

(307) May 1935

Bản tiếng Pháp:

En me privant des mers, de l'élan, de l'envol
Pour donner à mon pied l'appui forcé du sol:
Quel brillant résultat avez-vous obtenu?
Vous ne m'avez pas pris mes lèvres qui remuent!

My country conversed with me,
Spoiled me, scolded, didn't listen.
She only noticed me when,
Grown-up, I became an eye-witness.
Then suddenly, like a lens, she set me on fire
With a beam from the Admiralty spire.

(part 6 of 312) May-June 1935

Ta không muốn, như một cánh bướm trắng kia,
Trả lại mặt đất chút tro than vay mượn.
Ta muốn cái thân xác này
Biến thành ngã  tư, ngã năm, ngã bẩy,
Thành phố, thành đường....

[Note: Gửi Cù Hậu Duệ. NQT]

Mấy dòng thơ sau đây, của Mandelstam, để tặng con phố mang tên ông.

Như Phố TCS!

What street's this one?
- 'This is Mandelstam Street.
His disposition wasn't "party-line"
Or "sweet-as-a-flower".
That's why this street -
Or, rather, sewer
Or possibly slum -
Has been named after Osip Mandelstam.'

After Stalin's death Mandelstam was 'rehabilitated', but there is still no street anywhere in the Soviet Union named after him.